Investigating party organization: structures, resources, and representative strategies / Susan E. Scarrow and Paul D. Webb -- Part 1. How parties organize -- Assessing the strength of party organizational resources: a survey of the evidence from the political party database / Paul D. Webb and Dan Keith -- Which face comes first? The ascendancy of the party in public office / Luciano Bardi, Enrico Calossi, and Eugenio Pizzimenti -- The paradox of party funding: the limited impact of state subsidies on party membership / Ingrid van Biezen and Petr Kopecky -- Still connecting with society? Political parties' formal links with social groups in the twenty-first century / Elin Haugsgjerd Allern and Tania Verge -- Varieties of intra-party democracy: conceptualization and index construction / Benjamin von dem Berge and Thomas Poguntke -- Patterns of intra-party democracy across the world / Niklas Bolin ... [et al.] -- Part 2. The impact of party organization -- Party finance and perceived party responsiveness / Marina Costa Lobo and Isabella Razzuoli -- Candidate selection rules and democratic outcomes: the impact of parties on women's representation / Scott Pruysers ... [et al.] -- Rules of engagement? Party membership costs, new forms of party affiliation, and partisan participation / Karina Kosiara-Pedersen, Susan E. Scarrow, and Emilie van Haute -- The effects of manifesto politics on programmatic change / Annika Hennl and Simon Tobias Franzmann -- Party organization and party unity / Conor Little and David M. Farrell -- Conclusion: the study of party organization / Paul D. Webb, Thomas Poguntke, and Susan E. Scarrow -- Afterword / Richard S. Katz.