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                         This is second point of where we are going, we are going
                   from constitutional state to participatory democracy, multi-level
                   democracy. In this final level, Etat de droit and democracy are far
                   from being contradictory; two complementary concepts equally
                   increase human right. Here is to avoid any arbitrary power from
                   the State. So, the system needs to set up a monitor and control
                   mechanism of the State. This change is not formal but
                   substantive, Etat de droit is not only an act within the law passed
                   by the parliament and the constitution but also enact sufficient
                   rules, on one hand to guarantee the citizen rights and on the other
                   hand to ensure on effective official accountability.

                         On one hand, democracy, we see the democracy and the
                   guarantee of citizen right are closely linked. In France, article 16
                   of the declaration of human right stressing that the concept of
                   constitution implying the separation of powers is always
                   associated with a guarantee of citizen rights. It is the separation of
                   powers which guarantees of citizen rights. Firstly, the guarantee
                   involves the state to respect role in democracy, for example, legal
                   certainty, clarity of standard, legitimate expedition and the
                   principle of non-reactivity of law. Here, rule of law and
                   Rechtsstaat are gathering together. It is useless to proclaim right
                   to independent cult if it is difficult to ensure that justice is done or
                   if the decision is not made public because it is the judgement by
                   emergence cult or if finally, simply said, the law is known or
                   understood by each citizen.

                         Second, this guarantee requires efforts by all public
                   authorities to adapt continuously the freedom of human right as it
                   goes down of whatever being rules of internal and also
                   international standard. This linked with international law showing
                   such a notion of Etat de droit in France changed. This notion
                   goes beyond framework or procedural remedy. This notion needs
                   to include compliance with the concrete right from international
                   commitment to which stated as freely chosen to consent. Citizens
                   can, therefore, involve in international commitment in all the
                   contents. Why do I speak about external or international standard?









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