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รายงานการวิจัยฉบับสมบูรณ์
โครงการวิจัยเรื่อง “องค์ความรู้และเครื่องมือส าหรับการตรวจสอบความจ าเป็นในการตรากฎหมาย”

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ผลกระทบในการออกกฎหมายและประกอบการตัดสินใจในการให้รัฐเข้าไปก ากับดูแล โดยรายการค าถาม
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ดังกล่าวจะเป็นค าถามปลายเปิด (Open Questions) จ านวน 10 ประการ ดังนี้

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เพลินตา ตันรังสรรค์, อ้างแล้ว เชิงอรรถที่ 86.
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สถาบันวิจัยเพื่อการพัฒนาประเทศไทย, อ้างแล้ว เชิงอรรถที่ 43, น. 2-6.
The OECD Reference Checklist consists of 10 questions as follows:
(1) Is the problem correctly defined? The problem to be solved should be precisely stated, giving
evidence of its nature and magnitude, and explaining why it has arisen (identifying the incentives of
affected entities).
(2) Is government action justified? Government intervention should be based on explicit evidence that
government action is justified, given the nature of the problem, the likely benefits and costs of action
(based on a realistic assessment of government effectiveness), and alternative mechanisms for addressing
the problem.
(3) Is regulation the best form of government action? Regulators should carry out, early in the regulatory
process, an informed comparison of a variety of regulatory and non-regulatory policy instruments,
considering relevant issues such as costs, benefits, distributional effects and administrative requirements.
(4) Is there a legal basis for regulation? Regulatory processes should be structured so that all regulatory
decisions rigorously respect the “rule of law”; that is, responsibility should be explicit for ensuring that all
regulations are authorised by higher-level regulations and consistent with treaty obligations, and comply
with relevant legal principles such as certainty, proportionality and applicable procedural requirements.
(5) What is the appropriate level (or levels) of government for this action? Regulators should choose the
most appropriate level of government to take action, or if multiple levels are involved, should design
effective systems of co-ordination between levels of government.
(6) Do the benefits of regulation justify the costs? Regulators should estimate the total expected costs
and benefits of each regulatory proposal and of feasible alternatives, and should make the estimates
available in accessible format to decision-makers. The costs of
government action should be justified by its benefits before action is taken.
(7) Is the distribution of effects across society transparent? To the extent that distributive and equity
values are affected by government intervention, regulators should make transparent the distribution of
regulatory costs and benefits across social groups.
(8) Is the regulation clear, consistent, comprehensible and accessible to users? Regulators should assess
whether rules will be understood by likely users, and to that end should take steps to ensure that the
text and structure of rules are as clear as possible.
(9) Have all interested parties had the opportunity to present their views? Regulations should be
developed in an open and transparent fashion, with appropriate procedures for effective and timely input
from interested parties such as affected businesses and trade unions, other interest groups, or other
levels of government.
(10) How will compliance be achieved? Regulators should assess the incentives and institutions through
which through which the regulation will take effect, and should design responsive implementation
strategies that make the best use of them.